The Young Lady's Guide to the
Harmonious
Development of Christian Character
by Harvey Newcomb, 1843
NATURE AND EFFECTS OF TRUE RELIGION
The nature and effects of true religion are described in
the Holy Scriptures, under the similitude of a tree planted by the
side of a river. The Psalmist says the righteous "is like a tree planted
beside rivers of water that bears its fruit in season and whose leaf does
not wither." The prophet Jeremiah, also, speaking of the man who trusts
and hopes in the Lord, says, "He will be like a tree that is planted by
water. It will send its roots down to a stream. It will not be afraid in the
heat of summer. Its leaves will turn green. It will not be anxious during
droughts. It will not stop producing fruit."
The river, which is ever flowing, represents the abundant
provision of God's grace. But a tree may stand so near a river as to be
watered when it overflows its banks; and yet, if its roots only spread over
the surface of the ground, and do not reach the bed of the river, it will
wither in a time of drought. This aptly represents those who appear engaged
and in earnest only during remarkable outpourings of the Spirit. They are
all alive and full of zeal when the river overflows; but, when it returns to
its ordinary channel, their leaf withers; and, if a long season of spiritual
drought follows, they become dry and barren, so that no appearance of
spiritual life remains. But mark how different the description of the true
child of God: "He is like a tree planted by rivers of water." This
figure appears to have been taken from the practice of cultivating
trees. They are removed from the wild state in which they spring up, and
their roots firmly fixed in a spot of ground cultivated and
prepared to facilitate their growth. So the Christian is taken from a
state of nature, which is a wild, uncultivated state, and placed in a state
of grace, by the side of the river, which flows from the throne of God and
the Lamb. But this tree also "spreads out her roots by the river." When the
roots of the tree are spread out along the bed of the river, it will always
be supplied with water, even when the river is low.
This steadiness of Christian character is elsewhere
spoken of under a similar figure: "The root of the righteous
shall not be moved;" "He shall cause those who come of Jacob to
take root;" "Being rooted and grounded in love." Hence the
prophet adds that the heat and the drought shall not affect it; but its
leaf shall be green, always growing; and it shall not cease to bring
forth fruit.
And throughout the Scriptures the righteous are
represented as bringing forth fruit: "And the remnant that has
escaped out of the house of Judah shall again take root downward, and bear
fruit upward." Here is first a taking deep root downward, or the
sanctification of the faculties of the soul, by which new principles of
action are adopted; and a bearing fruit upward, or the exercise of those
principles, in holy affections and corresponding outward conduct.
Again, "Israel shall blossom and bud, and fill the face
of the world with fruit." The bud and blossom are the first exercises of
Christian experience. But every tree bears a multitude of false blossoms,
which, by the superficial observer, may not be distinguished from the true.
They may for a time appear even more promising and beautiful. As it appears
in full bloom, it would be impossible for the keenest eye to discover the
unfruitful blossoms. But as soon as the season arrives for the fruit to
begin to grow, these fair blossoms are withered and gone, and nothing
remains but a dry and wilted stem. So, in the first stages of Christian
experience, there are many counterfeits. But the real children of God shall
not only bud and blossom, but they shall "fill the face of the world with
fruit."
In the Song of Solomon, the church is compared to "an
orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits." The pomegranate is a
kind of apple. The tree is low, but spreads its branches, so that its
breadth is greater than its height. So the true Christian is humble and
lowly, while his good works spread all around him. The blossoms of this tree
are large and beautiful, forming a cup like a bell. But when the flowers are
double, no fruit follows. So the double-minded hypocrite brings forth no
fruit. The pomegranate apple is exceedingly beautiful and delicious, and so
the real fruits of Christianity are full of beauty and loveliness.
Again, the church is said to lay up for Christ all manner
of pleasant fruit, new and old. But backsliding Israel is called an
empty vine, bringing forth fruit unto himself. Here we may
distinguish between the apparent good fruits of the false professor
and of the real Christian. The latter does everything for Christ. He desires
the glory of God and the advancement of Christ's kingdom; and this is his
ruling motive. But the former, though he may do many things good in
themselves, yet does them all with selfish motives. His ruling desire is to
gratify himself, and to promote his own honor and interest, either in this
world or in that which is to come.
The fruit which his people bring forth is that on
which Christ chiefly insists, as a test of Christian character. "Every good
tree brings forth good fruit; but a corrupt tree brings forth evil fruit."
He compares himself to a vine, and his followers to branches; and informs
them that every branch which bears no fruit shall be taken away. In the
passage quoted from the first Psalm, the righteous is said to bring forth
fruit in his season. And in the 92nd Psalm and 14th verse, it is
said, "They shall still bring forth fruit in their old age; they
shall be fat and flourishing;" thus exhibiting a constancy of
fruit-bearing, and an uninterrupted growth, even down to old age.
But what is meant by bringing forth fruit in his
season? Paul says, "The fruit of the Spirit is in all goodness, and
righteousness, and truth." Hence we conclude that bringing forth fruit in
season must be carrying out the principles of the gospel into every
part of our conduct. In another place, the same apostle informs us more
particularly what are the fruits of the Spirit are: "love, joy, peace,
patience, kindness, goodness, faith, gentleness, self-control." Let us,
then, carry out these principles, and see what influence they will have upon
the Christian character.
LOVE is something that
can be felt. It is an outgoing of heart towards the object loved, and
a feeling of union with it. When we have a strong affection for a friend, it
is because we see in him something that is lovely. We love his society, and
delight to think of him when he is absent. Our minds are continually upon
the lovely traits of his character. So ought we to love God. The ground of
this love should be the infinite purity, excellence, and beauty of his moral
perfections. He is infinite loveliness in himself. There is such a thing as
feeling this love in exercise. In the Song of Solomon, love is said to be
"strong as death." Surely this is no faint imagery. Is it possible for a
person to exercise a feeling "as strong as death," and yet not be sensible
of it? Love takes hold of every faculty of soul and body. It must, then, be
no very dull feeling.
Again, the warmth and the settled and abiding nature of
love are represented by such strong language as this: "Many waters cannot
quench love, neither can the floods drown it." Surely this can be no fitful
feeling, which comes and goes at extraordinary seasons. It must be a settled
and abiding principle of the soul, though it may not always be accompanied
with strong emotion. We may sometimes be destitute of emotion towards the
friends we love most. But the settled principle of esteem and preference is
abiding; and our attention needs only to be called to the lovely traits in
our friend's character to call forth emotion.
David, under the influence of this feeling, breaks forth
in such expressions as these: "My soul thirsts for you; my flesh
longs for you!" "As the deer pants for the water-brooks, so my soul
pants after you, O God; my soul thirsts for God, for the living God!"
"My soul longs, yes, even faints, for the courts of the Lord;
my heart and my flesh cries out for the living God!" "My soul is
consumed with longing for your rules at all times." Surely there is no
dullness, no coldness, in such feelings as these. They accord with the
spirit of the command, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your
heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might." And this was
not, with the Psalmist, an occasional lively frame. This
soul-breaking longing was the habitual feeling of his heart; for he
exercised it "at all times." And what was it that called forth these
ardent longings? Was it the personal benefits which he had received, or
expected to receive, from God? By no means. After expressing an earnest
desire to dwell in the house of the Lord all the days of his life, he
tells us why he wished to be there: "To behold the beauty of the Lord,
and to inquire in his temple." The object of his love was "the beauty
of the Lord;" doubtless meaning his moral perfections.
Intimately connected with this was his desire to know the
will of the Lord. For this he wished to "inquire in his temple." And
whenever the love of God is genuine, it will call forth similar desire. The
apostle John, whose very breath is love, says, "This is the love of God,
that we keep his commandments." The child who loves his parents will
delight in doing whatever pleases them. But the child who cares for his
parents only as he expects to be benefitted by them, will always do as
little as possible for them, and that little unwillingly. So in our
relations with God. The self-deceived may have a kind of love to God,
because he thinks himself a peculiar object of divine favor, and because he
still expects greater blessings. But this does not lead him to delight in
the commands of God. He rather esteems them a task. His heart is not
in the doing of them; and he is willing to make them as light as possible.
But the true Christian delights in the law of God; and the chief
source of his grief is, that he falls so far short of keeping it.
Again, if we love God, we shall love his image. "And
everyone who loves Him who begets also loves the
one
who has been born of Him." Our love to Christians, if genuine, must arise
from the resemblance which they bear to Christ; and not from the comfort
which we enjoy in their society, nor because they appear friendly to us.
This false professors also feel. If we truly exercise that love, we shall be
willing to make personal sacrifices for their benefit. We are directed to
love one another as Christ loved us. And how did Christ love us?
He laid down his life for us. And the beloved apostle says, we ought, in
imitation of him, "to lay down our lives for the brethren;" that is, if
occasion requires it. Such is the strength of that love, which we are
required to exercise for our Christian brethren. But how can this exist in
the heart, when we feel unwilling to make the least sacrifice of our own
feelings or interests for their sakes?
But there is another kind of love required of us—the
love of compassion, which may be exercised even towards wicked men. And
what must be the extent of this love? There can be but one standard. We have
the example of our Lord before us. So intense was his love, that it led him
to sacrifice personal ease, comfort, and worldly good, for the benefit of
the bodies and souls of men; and even to lay down his life for their
salvation. "While we were yet sinners, Christ died for us." Thus must we lay
ourselves out for doing all we can to relieve the sufferings and save the
souls of our fellow-men.
Another fruit of the Spirit is
JOY.
We are commanded to rejoice in the Lord at all times. If we have a
proper sense of the holiness of God's moral character, of the majesty and
glory of his power, of the infinite wisdom which shines through all his
works, the infinite rectitude of his moral government, and especially of
that amazing display of his love in the work of redemption—it will fill our
hearts with "joy unspeakable and full of glory!" Nor is rejoicing in God at
all inconsistent with mourning for sin. On the contrary, the more we see of
the divine character, the more deeply shall we be abased and humbled before
him. Says Job, "I have heard of you by the hearing of the ear; but now my
eye sees you. Therefore, I abhor myself, and repent in dust and
ashes." It was a sight of God which brought this holy man so low
before him.
Another fruit of the Spirit is
PEACE—peace
with God, and peace with man. The impenitent are at war with God; there is
therefore no peace for them. God is angry with them, and they are contending
with him. But the Christian becomes reconciled to God through Christ. He
finds peace in believing in him. The Lord is no longer a God of terror to
him, but a "God of peace." Hence the gospel is called the "way of peace,"
and Christ the "Prince of peace." Jesus, in his parting interview with his
beloved disciples, says, "Peace I leave with you; my peace I give
unto you." Righteousness, or justice, and peace, are said to have met
together, and kissed each other. "We have peace with God, through our Lord
Jesus Christ." We are brought into a state of reconciliation with God,
attended with a settled feeling of delight towards his government. This
begets a serene and peaceful disposition of heart. But this gracious work of
the Holy Spirit does not stop with these exercises of the mind. It must be
carried out in our fellowship with others, and our feelings towards them.
Whatever is in our hearts will manifest itself in our conduct. if we
exercise a morose, sour, and jealous disposition; if we indulge a censorious
spirit, not easily overlooking others' faults; if we are easily provoked,
and irritated with the slightest offence; if we indulge in petty strife and
backbiting—surely the peace of God does not rule in our hearts.
MEEKNESS is a twin-sister
of peace. It is a temper of mind not easily provoked to resentment; or, as
the word signifies, easiness of mind. It is the bringing of our wild
and turbulent passions under control. It is an eminent work of the Spirit;
and we may judge of our spiritual attainments by the degree of it which we
possess. The Scriptures abound with exhortations to the cultivation of it.
It is preeminently lovely in the female character. Hence Peter exhorts women
to put on the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit, which is, in the sight of
God, of great price.
LONG-SUFFERING and
gentleness
are twin-daughters of meekness. Long-suffering is
godlike; it is an imitation of the forbearance of God towards his rebellious
creatures. He is long-suffering and slow to anger. He does not let his anger
burn hot against sinners until all means of bringing them to repentance have
failed. O, how should this shame us, who cannot bear the least appearance of
insult or injury from our fellow-sinners without resentment! But, if we
would be the children of our Father in heaven, we must learn to bear
ill-treatment with a forbearing and forgiving temper.
GENTLENESS is one of the
most lovely of all the graces of the Spirit. It is a "softness or mildness
of disposition and behavior, and stands opposed to harshness and severity,
pride and arrogance." "It corrects whatever is offensive in our manner, and,
by a constant train of humane attentions, studies to alleviate the burden of
common misery." The constant exercise of this spirit is of the greatest
importance to the Christian who would glorify God in his life, and do good
to his fellow-creatures.
GOODNESS is another fruit
of the Spirit. I suppose the apostle here means the same that he expresses
in another place by "mercy and kindness." It is doing good both to the
bodies and souls of others, as we have opportunity. "Be kindly affectioned
one to another." "Be kind one to another, tenderhearted." This is a
distinguished trait in the Christian character. It shone forth in all its
loveliness in our divine Redeemer. He went about doing good. So ought
we to imitate his example. It should be our chief aim and study to make
ourselves useful to others; for we thereby glorify God. If we have the
Spirit of Christ, this will be our "food and drink."
Another fruit of the Spirit is
FAITH.
"Faith is credit given to a declaration or promise, on the authority of the
person who makes it;" including the idea of confidence in such person, and
reliance upon his word. It is a common principle of action in the ordinary
affairs of life, in the transaction of which people act according to their
faith. If a person believes that his house is on fire, he will make haste to
escape. If a man believes a bank note is good, he will receive it for its
professed value. If the merchant believes that his customer is able to pay,
he will give him goods upon credit. That faith which is the fruit of the
Spirit is a hearty belief of all the truths of God's word, including
not only the idea of confidence in him—but a love of the truth, and a hearty
acquiescence in the will of God declared in it. Faith in Christ includes
also the idea of trust, or reliance upon him for salvation. In
proportion as we believe the truths of God's word, in the sense here
specified, we shall act accordingly.
One reason why the sinner does not repent and turn to God
is, that he does not really believe the word of God as it applies to
himself. He may believe some of the abstract truths of the Scriptures; but
he does not really believe himself to be in the dreadful danger which they
represent him; or, if his understanding is convinced, his heart is so
opposed to the truth that he will not yield to it. The reason why
Christians live so far from the standard of God's word is, that their belief
in the truths contained in it is so weak and faint. We all profess to
believe that God is everywhere present; yet we often complain that we have
no lively sense of his presence. The reason is, we do not fully and heartily
believe this truth. So strong and vivid is the impression, when this solemn
truth takes full possession of the soul, that the apostle compares it to
"seeing him that is invisible." Now, but for our unbelief, we should
always have such a view of the divine presence. O, with what holy awe and
reverence would this inspire us!
On examination, we shall find that all the graces of
the Spirit arise from faith, and all our sins and short comings from
unbelief. It is a belief of the moral excellence of God's character which
inspires love. It is a belief of our own depravity, and the exceeding
sinfulness of sin, which creates godly sorrow. It is a strong and lively
faith in all the truths of the Bible which overcomes the world. "This is the
victory that overcomes the world, even our faith." It is an unshaken belief
in these truths, presenting the glories of heaven just in view, which
supports the Christian in the dark and trying hour of death. It is the same
belief which makes him "as bold as a lion" in the performance of his duty.
This is what supported the martyrs, and enabled them cheerfully to lay down
their lives for Christ's sake. It is this which must support us in the
Christian warfare; and our progress will be in proportion to our faith.
TEMPERANCE is another
fruit of the Spirit. This consists in the proper control of all our desires,
appetites, and passions. The exercise of this grace is of vital importance,
not only as it concerns the glory of God, but our own health and happiness.
Thus we see the beautiful symmetry of the Christian
character, as it extends from the heart to all our actions, in every
relation of life.
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