Hymns & Sacred Poetry
by J. C. Philpot
If the family of God were individually asked what means
of grace had been most blessed to their souls, we think they would answer
with one accord, and without hesitation, "The Scriptures." But what next!
"The preached Gospel." And what next? "Hymns." That the blessing of God has
rested in a special manner upon hymns is unquestionable. Scarcely is there a
gracious deathbed recorded where the happy sufferer (how grace harmonizes
two such discordant sounds as happiness and suffering!) does not either
obtain help and comfort from some verse of a hymn, or does not give vent to
his feelings of sorrow or joy in some well-known line. This, what we may
almost call the secondary use of hymns, is distinct from, and independent
of, their original and primary intention, that of being sung in the public
worship of God. But it shows how the Lord honors and sanctions them. They
are thus attended with a double blessing.
As sung in the assemblies of the saints, they are not
only tributes of praise, and, if sung "with the spirit and with the
understanding also," (1 Cor. 14:15), a spiritual sacrifice, acceptable to
God by Jesus Christ, (1 Pet. 2:5); but, by being thus fixed in the mind and
memory, they become, as it were, locked up in a storehouse, out of which the
Blessed Spirit takes in times of trouble and sorrow such portions as he sees
good to apply with a divine power to the heart. For this purpose they are
eminently qualified for several reasons.
1. They are, for the most part, truth condensed into a
short compass—if we might venture upon such a figure, truth crystallized,
and thus presented in a clear, transparent shape, purified from all that
muddy mass of words with which we in our sermons and writings are so apt to
overload and thus confuse it.
2. As being the utterances and breathings forth of the
experience of the saints, they become responsive echoes to the cries of the
Spirit in the heart of all the subjects of grace; and 3. When they are
richly impregnated with the dew and savor of the Holy Spirit, they are, so
to speak, vehicles of grace, performing that office which the Apostle speaks
of as the fruit of godly conversation, "ministering grace unto the hearers."
(Eph. 4:29.)
By way of testing the truth of this attempt to explain
the peculiar beauty and blessedness of hymns, take down your hymn-book, and
read through, say one of Hart's, as Hymn 154, Gadsby's Selection. "Much we
talk of Jesus' blood," etc.
Now, if we are not much mistaken, you will find the three
things we have mentioned brightly shining through that hymn. 1. Scriptural
truth presented in a clear, transparent, condensed form. 2. The utterance of
the soul, mourning under and hating sin, yet looking up in faith and love to
the atoning blood which delivers and purifies from it. 3. A sweet savor and
dew of the Blessed Spirit shed through the whole, impregnating it with life
and feeling.
Forgive us, dear readers, if we seem to treat you as
children, attempting to instruct you, many of whom are better qualified to
instruct us; but we write in the simplicity of our heart, not in a spirit of
dictation or assumption, but merely tracing with our pen the thoughts and
feelings of our own mind; and if we can thus interpret the language of your
heart, and put into visible shape what may have dimly laid there, you may
read with increased sweetness and pleasure Hart's matchless compositions.
But shall we seem to sit too much in the teacher's chair,
a position very foreign to our inclination, if we further attempt to trace a
little more fully and deeply the original foundations on which sacred poetry
rests?
As in a damaged picture, or broken statue, or ruined
arch, there may flash forth sparks of beauty indicative of a master mind,
and what it actually was when it issued forth from his creative hand, so
amid the wreck and ruin of our fallen nature there are traces of that
primeval beauty in which man came forth from the hand of his divine
Craftsman on that day when the Creator of heaven and earth looked down with
holy complacency on the works of his hands, and pronounced them all very
good. Conscience, reason, imagination, memory, language, all the social
affections of conjugal, parental, filial love, with every tender,
benevolent, compassionate feeling that has ever prompted and sustained those
self-denying actions and heart-thrilling words that ever and anon sound
through this sin-stricken world as faint echoes of paradise—all are so many
relics of the pristine beauty of man.
Shall we then err if, among these remains of original
beauty, we place poetry and music? That these two relics of
the Fall are deeply imbedded in the original constitution of man is evident
from this circumstance, that there is scarcely a nation on the face of the
earth, in either ancient or modern times, in which both have not had a
conspicuous place. It is, indeed, sadly and fearfully true that sin and
Satan have seized upon these two gifts of heaven, and depraved and perverted
them from their original intention to their own abominable use. The poetry
which should embody in the sweetest, loftiest strains the praises of God has
sunk down into a deification of every base lust and passion of man; and the
music which should respond to the notes of the heavenly choir has been
prostituted to the worship of brutal idols. Grace, then, which, besides its
victories in redemption and regeneration, refines also and wins back to God
the Redeemer those faculties of body and mind which originally belonged to
God the Creator, comes to the rescue; and as she teaches the tongue that
once used to blaspheme now to pray, and the foot that once tripped in the
midnight dance to carry the body to the house of prayer, so she recovers the
gifts of poetry and music, and baptizing them, as it were, in the streams of
love and mercy, sanctifies them to the service of her once crucified but now
risen and glorified Lord.
Shall we wander beyond the hallowed precincts of the
gospel if we give a few moments' consideration to what poetry and music
really are? as their being devoted to the service of the sanctuary does not
alter their nature, but their use.
POETRY, then, consists mainly in two things:
1. Elevated, impassioned thoughts and language.
2. A metrical form which bounds and confines the
impassioned language within certain prescribed limits.
The first is the soul of poetry, the second the body; the
one is the flaming incense, the other the censer which contains it; the
former is the bounding steed, dashing impetuously on; the latter, the
thoughts which check and guide his course. Thus all elevated, impassioned
language is not poetry any more than the soul is not the whole man; nor, on
the other hand, are metre, rhyme, rhythm, poetry, without elevated,
impassioned thought and language, any more than the body without the soul is
the whole man. If this be true, then the more sublime the thoughts and
impassioned the language, and the more that metre, rhyme, and rhythm
approach perfection, the more beautiful the poetry will be, and more worthy
of its name and nature.
The Scripture is full of poetry, and of poetry viewed
under these two aspects—sublime thoughts and impassioned expression in a
metrical, rhythmical form.