Are the Sabbath laws binding on
Christians today?
By John MacArthur
We believe the Old Testament regulations governing Sabbath
observances are ceremonial, not moral, aspects of the law. As such,
they are no longer in force, but have passed away along with the sacrificial
system, the Levitical priesthood, and all other aspects of Moses' law that
prefigured Christ. Here are the reasons we hold this view.
1. In Colossians 2:16-17, Paul explicitly refers to the
Sabbath as a shadow of Christ, which is no longer binding since the
substance (Christ) has come. It is quite clear in those verses that the
weekly Sabbath is in view. The phrase "a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath
day" refers to the annual, monthly, and weekly holy days of the Jewish
calendar (cf. 1 Chronicles 23:31; 2 Chronicles 2:4; 31:3; Ezekiel 45:17;
Hosea 2:11). If Paul were referring to special ceremonial dates of rest in
that passage, why would he have used the word "Sabbath?" He had already
mentioned the ceremonial dates when he spoke of festivals and new moons.
2. The Sabbath was the sign to Israel of the Mosaic Covenant
(Exodus 31:16-17; Ezekiel 20:12; Nehemiah 9:14). Since we are now under the
New Covenant (Hebrews 8), we are no longer required to observe the sign of
the Mosaic Covenant.
3. The New Testament never commands Christians to observe
the Sabbath.
4. In our only glimpse of an early church worship service in
the New Testament, the church met on the first day of the week (Acts 20:7).
5. Nowhere in the Old Testament are the Gentile nations
commanded to observe the Sabbath or condemned for failing to do so. That is
certainly strange if Sabbath observance were meant to be an eternal moral
principle.
6. There is no evidence in the Bible of anyone keeping the
Sabbath before the time of Moses, nor are there any commands in the Bible to
keep the Sabbath before the giving of the law at Mt. Sinai.
7. When the Apostles met at the Jerusalem council (Acts 15),
they did not impose Sabbath keeping on the Gentile believers.
8. The apostle Paul warned the Gentiles about many different
sins in his epistles, but breaking the Sabbath was never one of them.
9. In Galatians 4:10-11, Paul rebukes the Galatians for
thinking God expected them to observe special days (including the Sabbath).
10. In Romans 14:5, Paul forbids those who observe the
Sabbath (these were no doubt Jewish believers) to condemn those who do not
(Gentile believers).
11. The early church fathers, from Ignatius to Augustine,
taught that the Old Testament Sabbath had been abolished and that the first
day of the week (Sunday) was the day when Christians should meet for worship
(contrary to the claim of many seventh-day sabbatarians who claim that
Sunday worship was not instituted until the fourth century).
12. Sunday has not replaced Saturday as the Sabbath. Rather
the Lord's Day is a time when believers gather to commemorate His
resurrection, which occurred on the first day of the week. Every day to the
believer is one of Sabbath rest, since we have ceased from our spiritual
labor and are resting in the salvation of the Lord (Hebrews 4:9-11).
So while we still follow the pattern of designating one day
of the week a day for the Lord's people to gather in worship, we do not
refer to this as "the Sabbath."